保持debian系統的安全性

思路:使用 apt 命令來下載最新的安全更新。

首先把以下的一行:

deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free

加進 /etc/apt/sources.list 文檔內,然後執行 apt-get update && apt-get upgrade 來下載並啟用安全更新。

安全更新過程如下:

zhong@debian:~$ sudo apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
[sudo] zhong 的密碼:
命中:1 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye InRelease
命中:2 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-updates InRelease        
命中:3 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-backports InRelease      
命中:4 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease              
獲取:5 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease [44.1 kB]
獲取:6 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye/main Translation-zh_TW [14.9 kB]
命中:7 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/edge stable InRelease          
獲取:8 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 Packages [97.5 kB]
命中:9 http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/code stable InRelease           
獲取:10 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main Translation-en [60.5 kB]
獲取:11 https://deb.opera.com/opera-stable stable InRelease [2,590 B]      
已下載 220 kB,耗時 8秒 (26.5 kB/s)                                        
正在讀取軟體包列表... 完成
E: 無法打開鎖文件 /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (13: 許可權不夠)
E: 無法獲取 dpkg 前端鎖 (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend),請查看您是否正以 root 用戶運行?
zhong@debian:~$ root
bash: root:未找到命令
zhong@debian:~$ sudo apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
命中:1 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye InRelease
命中:2 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-updates InRelease        
命中:3 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-backports InRelease      
命中:4 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease              
命中:5 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/edge stable InRelease          
命中:6 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease
命中:7 http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/code stable InRelease     
獲取:8 https://deb.opera.com/opera-stable stable InRelease [2,590 B] 
已下載 2,590 B,耗時 1秒 (1,738 B/s) 
正在讀取軟體包列表... 完成
E: 無法打開鎖文件 /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (13: 許可權不夠)
E: 無法獲取 dpkg 前端鎖 (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend),請查看您是否正以 root 用戶運行?
zhong@debian:~$ sudo passwd root
新的 密碼:
重新輸入新的 密碼:
passwd:已成功更新密碼
zhong@debian:~$ sudo apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
命中:1 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye InRelease
命中:2 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-updates InRelease        
命中:3 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-backports InRelease      
命中:4 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease              
命中:5 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease
命中:6 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/edge stable InRelease          
命中:7 http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/code stable InRelease           
獲取:8 https://deb.opera.com/opera-stable stable InRelease [2,590 B]       
已下載 2,590 B,耗時 2秒 (1,218 B/s) 
正在讀取軟體包列表... 完成
E: 無法打開鎖文件 /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (13: 許可權不夠)
E: 無法獲取 dpkg 前端鎖 (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend),請查看您是否正以 root 用戶運行?
zhong@debian:~$ sudo passwd root
新的 密碼:
重新輸入新的 密碼:
passwd:已成功更新密碼
zhong@debian:~$ su
密碼:
root@debian:/home/zhong# sudo apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
命中:1 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye InRelease
命中:2 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-updates InRelease        
命中:3 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-backports InRelease      
命中:4 http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/code stable InRelease           
命中:5 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease              
命中:6 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease
命中:7 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/edge stable InRelease          
獲取:8 https://deb.opera.com/opera-stable stable InRelease [2,590 B]
已下載 2,590 B,耗時 1秒 (2,242 B/s) 
正在讀取軟體包列表... 完成
正在讀取軟體包列表... 完成
正在分析軟體包的依賴關係樹... 完成
正在讀取狀態信息... 完成                 
正在計算更新... 完成
下列軟體包是自動安裝的並且現在不需要了:
  accountwizard apper apper-data coinor-libcbc3 coinor-libcgl1
  coinor-libclp1 coinor-libcoinmp1v5 coinor-libcoinutils3v5
  coinor-libosi1v5 cups-pk-helper espeak-ng-data gir1.2-atspi-2.0
  gir1.2-gstreamer-1.0 gir1.2-notify-0.7 gir1.2-secret-1 gir1.2-wnck-3.0
  hyphen-en-us kdeaccessibility kdepim-themeeditors kmag kmousetool kmouth
  kontrast libabw-0.1-1 libatk-adaptor libbrlapi0.8 libcdr-0.1-1
  libdotconf0 libe-book-0.1-1 libepubgen-0.1-1 libespeak-ng1
  libetonyek-0.1-1 libfreehand-0.1-1 libkf5mailimporterakonadi5
  libkf5messagelist5abi1 libmspub-0.1-1 libmwaw-0.3-3 libodfgen-0.1-1
  libpagemaker-0.0-0 libpcaudio0 libqaccessibilityclient-qt5-0
  libqxp-0.0-0 libreoffice-base-core libreoffice-help-en-us libsonic0
  libstaroffice-0.0-0 libstartup-notification0 libvisio-0.1-1 libwnck-3-0
  libwnck-3-common libwpd-0.10-10 libwpg-0.3-3 libwps-0.4-4 libzmf-0.0-0
  lp-solve mbox-importer mpv mythes-en-us orca perl-tk pim-data-exporter
  pim-sieve-editor print-manager python3-brlapi python3-cairo python3-cups
  python3-cupshelpers python3-louis python3-pyatspi python3-smbc
  python3-speechd python3-xdg qtgstreamer-plugins-qt5 rtmpdump sound-icons
  speech-dispatcher speech-dispatcher-audio-plugins
  speech-dispatcher-espeak-ng system-config-printer-common
  system-config-printer-udev xbrlapi xkbset youtube-dl
使用'apt autoremove'來卸載它(它們)。
下列軟體包將被升級:
  bind9-dnsutils bind9-host bind9-libs ffmpeg fonts-opensymbol
  gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 gir1.2-webkit2-4.0 libavcodec58
  libavdevice58 libavfilter7 libavformat58 libavresample4 libavutil56
  libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 libjuh-java libjurt-java libldb2
  liblibreoffice-java libnss3 libpostproc55 libpq5 libreoffice-base-core
  libreoffice-common libreoffice-core libreoffice-help-common
  libreoffice-help-en-us libreoffice-help-zh-cn libreoffice-l10n-zh-cn
  libreoffice-style-breeze libreoffice-style-colibre libridl-java
  libsmbclient libswresample3 libswscale5 libuno-cppu3
  libuno-cppuhelpergcc3-3 libuno-purpenvhelpergcc3-3 libuno-sal3
  libuno-salhelpergcc3-3 libunoloader-java libwbclient0
  libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 python3-ldb python3-samba python3-uno samba
  samba-common samba-common-bin samba-dsdb-modules samba-libs
  samba-vfs-modules smbclient uno-libs-private ure
升級了 54 個軟體包,新安裝了 0 個軟體包,要卸載 0 個軟體包,有 0 個軟體包未被升級。
需要下載 121 MB 的歸檔。
解壓縮後會消耗 2,911 kB 的額外空間。
您希望繼續執行嗎? [Y/n] y
獲取:1 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 python3-ldb amd64 2:2.2.3-2~deb11u1 [46.3 kB]
獲取:2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 samba-dsdb-modules amd64 2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2 [396 kB]
獲取:3 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libldb2 amd64 2:2.2.3-2~deb11u1 [147 kB]
獲取:4 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 python3-samba amd64 2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2 [2,677 kB]
獲取:5 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 smbclient amd64 2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2 [508 kB]
獲取:6 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 samba-vfs-modules amd64 2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2 [498 kB]
獲取:7 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 samba amd64 2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2 [1,179 kB]
獲取:8 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 samba-common-bin amd64 2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2 [665 kB]
獲取:9 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libsmbclient amd64 2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2 [168 kB]
獲取:10 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 samba-libs amd64 2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2 [5,770 kB]
獲取:11 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libwbclient0 amd64 2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2 [311 kB]
獲取:12 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 samba-common all 2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2 [170 kB]
獲取:13 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 bind9-dnsutils amd64 1:9.16.22-1~deb11u1 [396 kB]
獲取:14 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 bind9-libs amd64 1:9.16.22-1~deb11u1 [1,411 kB]
獲取:15 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 bind9-host amd64 1:9.16.22-1~deb11u1 [301 kB]
獲取:16 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 ffmpeg amd64 7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1 [1,595 kB]
獲取:17 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libavdevice58 amd64 7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1 [124 kB]
獲取:18 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libavfilter7 amd64 7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1 [1,298 kB]
獲取:19 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libswscale5 amd64 7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1 [208 kB]
獲取:20 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libavformat58 amd64 7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1 [1,053 kB]
獲取:21 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libavcodec58 amd64 7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1 [4,956 kB]
獲取:22 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libswresample3 amd64 7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1 [107 kB]
獲取:23 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libpostproc55 amd64 7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1 [105 kB]
獲取:24 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libavresample4 amd64 7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1 [103 kB]
獲取:25 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libavutil56 amd64 7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1 [309 kB]
獲取:26 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 fonts-opensymbol all 2:102.11+LibO7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [285 kB]
獲取:27 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 gir1.2-webkit2-4.0 amd64 2.34.1-1~deb11u1 [113 kB]
獲取:28 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 amd64 2.34.1-1~deb11u1 [61.9 kB]
獲取:29 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 amd64 2.34.1-1~deb11u1 [14.1 MB]
獲取:30 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 amd64 2.34.1-1~deb11u1 [6,276 kB]
獲取:31 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libridl-java all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [201 kB]
獲取:32 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libjurt-java all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [201 kB]
獲取:33 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libjuh-java all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [201 kB]
獲取:34 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 ure amd64 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [1,343 kB]
獲取:35 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libunoloader-java all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [205 kB]
獲取:36 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 liblibreoffice-java all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [1,811 kB]
獲取:37 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libuno-sal3 amd64 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [362 kB]
獲取:38 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libuno-salhelpergcc3-3 amd64 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [209 kB]
獲取:39 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libuno-cppu3 amd64 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [276 kB]
獲取:40 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libuno-cppuhelpergcc3-3 amd64 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [490 kB]
獲取:41 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 uno-libs-private amd64 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [410 kB]
獲取:42 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libuno-purpenvhelpergcc3-3 amd64 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [208 kB]
獲取:43 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libnss3 amd64 2:3.61-1+deb11u1 [1,305 kB]
獲取:44 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libpq5 amd64 13.5-0+deb11u1 [179 kB]
獲取:45 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libreoffice-help-zh-cn all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [3,220 kB]
獲取:46 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libreoffice-help-en-us all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [1,587 kB]
獲取:47 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libreoffice-help-common all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [3,348 kB]
獲取:48 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 python3-uno amd64 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [325 kB]
獲取:49 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libreoffice-base-core amd64 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [1,048 kB]
獲取:50 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libreoffice-core amd64 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [34.3 MB]
獲取:51 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libreoffice-common all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [18.7 MB]
獲取:52 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libreoffice-l10n-zh-cn all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [825 kB]
獲取:53 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libreoffice-style-colibre all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [1,418 kB]
獲取:54 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libreoffice-style-breeze all 1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1 [3,193 kB]
已下載 121 MB,耗時 1小時 37分 28秒 (20.6 kB/s)                            
讀取變更記錄(changelogs)... 完成
正在從軟體包中解出模板:100%
正在預設定軟體包 ...
(正在讀取資料庫 ... 系統當前共安裝有 236411 個文件和目錄。)
準備解壓 .../00-python3-ldb_2%3a2.2.3-2~deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 python3-ldb (2:2.2.3-2~deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (2:2.2.0-3.1) ...
準備解壓 .../01-samba-dsdb-modules_2%3a4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 samba-dsdb-modules:amd64 (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) 並覆蓋 (2:4.13.5+dfsg-2) ...
準備解壓 .../02-libldb2_2%3a2.2.3-2~deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libldb2:amd64 (2:2.2.3-2~deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (2:2.2.0-3.1) ...
準備解壓 .../03-python3-samba_2%3a4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 python3-samba (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) 並覆蓋 (2:4.13.5+dfsg-2) ...
準備解壓 .../04-smbclient_2%3a4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 smbclient (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) 並覆蓋 (2:4.13.5+dfsg-2) ...
準備解壓 .../05-samba-vfs-modules_2%3a4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 samba-vfs-modules:amd64 (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) 並覆蓋 (2:4.13.5+dfsg-2) ...
準備解壓 .../06-samba_2%3a4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 samba (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) 並覆蓋 (2:4.13.5+dfsg-2) ...
準備解壓 .../07-samba-common-bin_2%3a4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 samba-common-bin (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) 並覆蓋 (2:4.13.5+dfsg-2) ...
準備解壓 .../08-libsmbclient_2%3a4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libsmbclient:amd64 (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) 並覆蓋 (2:4.13.5+dfsg-2) ...
準備解壓 .../09-samba-libs_2%3a4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 samba-libs:amd64 (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) 並覆蓋 (2:4.13.5+dfsg-2) ...
準備解壓 .../10-libwbclient0_2%3a4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libwbclient0:amd64 (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) 並覆蓋 (2:4.13.5+dfsg-2) ...
準備解壓 .../11-samba-common_2%3a4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 samba-common (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) 並覆蓋 (2:4.13.5+dfsg-2) ...
準備解壓 .../12-bind9-dnsutils_1%3a9.16.22-1~deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 bind9-dnsutils (1:9.16.22-1~deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:9.16.15-1) ...
準備解壓 .../13-bind9-libs_1%3a9.16.22-1~deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 bind9-libs:amd64 (1:9.16.22-1~deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:9.16.15-1) ...
準備解壓 .../14-bind9-host_1%3a9.16.22-1~deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 bind9-host (1:9.16.22-1~deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:9.16.15-1) ...
準備解壓 .../15-ffmpeg_7%3a4.3.3-0+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 ffmpeg (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (7:4.3.2-0+deb11u2) ...
準備解壓 .../16-libavdevice58_7%3a4.3.3-0+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libavdevice58:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (7:4.3.2-0+deb11u2) ...
準備解壓 .../17-libavfilter7_7%3a4.3.3-0+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libavfilter7:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (7:4.3.2-0+deb11u2) ...
準備解壓 .../18-libswscale5_7%3a4.3.3-0+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libswscale5:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (7:4.3.2-0+deb11u2) ...
準備解壓 .../19-libavformat58_7%3a4.3.3-0+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libavformat58:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (7:4.3.2-0+deb11u2) ...
準備解壓 .../20-libavcodec58_7%3a4.3.3-0+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libavcodec58:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (7:4.3.2-0+deb11u2) ...
準備解壓 .../21-libswresample3_7%3a4.3.3-0+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libswresample3:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (7:4.3.2-0+deb11u2) ...
準備解壓 .../22-libpostproc55_7%3a4.3.3-0+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libpostproc55:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (7:4.3.2-0+deb11u2) ...
準備解壓 .../23-libavresample4_7%3a4.3.3-0+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libavresample4:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (7:4.3.2-0+deb11u2) ...
準備解壓 .../24-libavutil56_7%3a4.3.3-0+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libavutil56:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (7:4.3.2-0+deb11u2) ...
準備解壓 .../25-fonts-opensymbol_2%3a102.11+LibO7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 fonts-opensymbol (2:102.11+LibO7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (2:102.11+LibO7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../26-gir1.2-webkit2-4.0_2.34.1-1~deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 gir1.2-webkit2-4.0:amd64 (2.34.1-1~deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (2.32.4-1~deb11u1) ...
準備解壓 .../27-gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0_2.34.1-1~deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0:amd64 (2.34.1-1~deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (2.32.4-1~deb11u1) ...
準備解壓 .../28-libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37_2.34.1-1~deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37:amd64 (2.34.1-1~deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (2.32.4-1~deb11u1) ...
準備解壓 .../29-libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18_2.34.1-1~deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18:amd64 (2.34.1-1~deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (2.32.4-1~deb11u1) ...
準備解壓 .../30-libridl-java_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 libridl-java (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../31-libjurt-java_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 libjurt-java (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../32-libjuh-java_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 libjuh-java (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../33-ure_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 ure (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../34-libunoloader-java_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 libunoloader-java (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../35-liblibreoffice-java_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 liblibreoffice-java (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../36-libuno-sal3_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libuno-sal3 (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../37-libuno-salhelpergcc3-3_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libuno-salhelpergcc3-3 (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../38-libuno-cppu3_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libuno-cppu3 (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../39-libuno-cppuhelpergcc3-3_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libuno-cppuhelpergcc3-3 (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../40-uno-libs-private_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 uno-libs-private (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../41-libuno-purpenvhelpergcc3-3_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libuno-purpenvhelpergcc3-3 (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../42-libnss3_2%3a3.61-1+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libnss3:amd64 (2:3.61-1+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (2:3.61-1) ...
準備解壓 .../43-libpq5_13.5-0+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libpq5:amd64 (13.5-0+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (13.4-0+deb11u1) ...
準備解壓 .../44-libreoffice-help-zh-cn_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 libreoffice-help-zh-cn (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../45-libreoffice-help-en-us_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 libreoffice-help-en-us (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../46-libreoffice-help-common_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 libreoffice-help-common (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../47-python3-uno_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 python3-uno (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../48-libreoffice-base-core_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libreoffice-base-core (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../49-libreoffice-core_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_amd64.deb  ...
正在解壓 libreoffice-core (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../50-libreoffice-common_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 libreoffice-common (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../51-libreoffice-l10n-zh-cn_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 libreoffice-l10n-zh-cn (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../52-libreoffice-style-colibre_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 libreoffice-style-colibre (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
準備解壓 .../53-libreoffice-style-breeze_1%3a7.0.4-4+deb11u1_all.deb  ...
正在解壓 libreoffice-style-breeze (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) 並覆蓋 (1:7.0.4-4) ...
正在設置 bind9-libs:amd64 (1:9.16.22-1~deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libuno-sal3 (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libpq5:amd64 (13.5-0+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18:amd64 (2.34.1-1~deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libnss3:amd64 (2:3.61-1+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 samba-common (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) ...
正在設置 gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0:amd64 (2.34.1-1~deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libwbclient0:amd64 (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) ...
正在設置 libavutil56:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libreoffice-style-colibre (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libreoffice-style-breeze (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libpostproc55:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37:amd64 (2.34.1-1~deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libuno-salhelpergcc3-3 (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libswscale5:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libunoloader-java (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libldb2:amd64 (2:2.2.3-2~deb11u1) ...
正在設置 bind9-host (1:9.16.22-1~deb11u1) ...
正在設置 fonts-opensymbol (2:102.11+LibO7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 gir1.2-webkit2-4.0:amd64 (2.34.1-1~deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libswresample3:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libavresample4:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libuno-cppu3 (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 python3-ldb (2:2.2.3-2~deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libavcodec58:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 bind9-dnsutils (1:9.16.22-1~deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libuno-purpenvhelpergcc3-3 (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 uno-libs-private (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libavformat58:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 samba-libs:amd64 (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) ...
正在設置 libsmbclient:amd64 (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) ...
正在設置 smbclient (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) ...
正在設置 libavfilter7:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 samba-dsdb-modules:amd64 (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) ...
正在設置 python3-samba (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) ...
正在設置 libuno-cppuhelpergcc3-3 (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 samba-vfs-modules:amd64 (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) ...
正在設置 libavdevice58:amd64 (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 samba-common-bin (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) ...
Checking smb.conf with testparm
Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf
Loaded services file OK.
Weak crypto is allowed
Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE

Done
正在設置 ure (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 ffmpeg (7:4.3.3-0+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 samba (2:4.13.13+dfsg-1~deb11u2) ...
Samba is not being run as an AD Domain Controller: Masking samba-ad-dc.service
Please ignore the following error about deb-systemd-helper not finding those services.
(samba-ad-dc.service already masked)
Failed to preset unit: Unit file /etc/systemd/system/samba-ad-dc.service is masked.
/usr/bin/deb-systemd-helper: error: systemctl preset failed on samba-ad-dc.service: No such file or directory
samba-ad-dc.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it.
正在設置 liblibreoffice-java (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libjurt-java (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libreoffice-common (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libjuh-java (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libreoffice-core (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libridl-java (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libreoffice-l10n-zh-cn (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libreoffice-help-common (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libreoffice-base-core (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libreoffice-help-en-us (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 python3-uno (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在設置 libreoffice-help-zh-cn (1:7.0.4-4+deb11u1) ...
正在處理用於 hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) 的觸發器 ...
正在處理用於 libc-bin (2.31-13+deb11u2) 的觸發器 ...
正在處理用於 ufw (0.36-7.1) 的觸發器 ...
正在處理用於 man-db (2.9.4-2) 的觸發器 ...
正在處理用於 shared-mime-info (2.0-1) 的觸發器 ...
正在處理用於 mailcap (3.69) 的觸發器 ...
正在處理用於 fontconfig (2.13.1-4.2) 的觸發器 ...
root@debian:/home/zhong# 

筆記本電腦換DEBIAN系統

近段時間一直在研究KALI系統,想圓十幾年前的黑客夢,不過後來還是放棄了,可能這個夢一輩子都圓不了。與惡龍纏鬥過久,自身亦變成惡龍;凝視深淵過久,深淵回又凝視。KALI系統以後只裝在虛擬機里玩一玩,那放棄KALI後,換什麼系統呢?想了一下,還是追本溯源,換DEBIAN。

經過半小時的折騰之後,終於將DEBIAN系統安裝好了,安裝好後,驚喜不斷,這或許就是我折騰來折騰去尋找的系統。眾里尋他千百度,慕然回首,那人卻在燈火闌珊處。

又是一番折騰,安裝好搜狗輸入法、WPS、百度雲音樂、百度網盤等軟體後,開始慢慢熟悉起這個系統。DEBIAN能讓這麼多其它的LINUX系統做為底層系統,是有道理的。我一直認為,開源系統才是人類的希望和發展方向。人類的智慧結晶,應該由全人類共享。包括互聯網的開放,也必將是必然的。我們要走向開放,要交流,而非自我封閉,文化只有在碰撞交流中,才能擦出思想的火花。